After child dies, mom's risk of early death skyrockets

ScienceDaily (June 28, 2012) ? In the first two years following the death of a child, there is a 133 percent increase in the risk of the mother dying, a new study from the University of Notre Dame shows.

Titled "Maternal bereavement: the heightened mortality of mothers after the death of a child," the study is published in the current issue of Economics and Human Biology.

Researchers William Evans, a health and labor economist at Notre Dame, and Javier Espinosa of the Rochester Institute of Technology studied 69,224 mothers aged 20 to 50 for nine years, tracking the mortality of children even after they had left the household. It is the first study of its kind using a large, nationally representative U.S. data source.

According to the study, this heightened mortality is concentrated within the first two years following the death of a child, regardless of the age of the child at the time of death. There also appeared to be no difference in results based on household income, mother's education, family size, the child's sex or the child's cause of death.

The sample was composed of women who are married (84 percent), white (87 percent) and non-Hispanic (91 percent). Slightly more than half the mothers were between the ages of 20 and 34. Approximately one half had a high school education, and one third had some college education or a college degree. Less than 20 percent had less than a high school education.

Though this study is the first to examine maternal mortality after the death of a child, earlier studies from Denmark in the area of parental bereavement found that parents who experienced the death of a child had a higher risk of first-time hospitalization for a psychiatric disorder than parents who did not lose a child; and mothers had a higher relative risk than fathers, the effect of which was most acute during the first year and significantly elevated for five years or more.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Notre Dame. The original article was written by Susan Guibert.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Javier Espinosa, William N. Evans. Maternal bereavement: The heightened mortality of mothers after the death of a child. Economics & Human Biology, 2012; DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2012.06.002

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

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Grandmother struggles to adopt two granddaughters | Buffalo ...

The grandmother of two young girls continues on in her three year endeavor to gain custody of two of her biological grandchildren.

The children who are now 2 and ? and 21 months old have been living with foster parents who have raised the girls since birth. Their parents lost custody because of ongoing struggles with drug addiction that led to both children being born with cocaine in their systems.

The older daughter was put in foster care right after she was born and her younger sister was placed in the same home. The foster parents do not want to give up the girls and filed for adoption. They received a favorable ruling last fall.

This is a very complex child custody case, in which laws from two different states have affected the outcome for the children. The state where the girls' were born did not conduct a family search on their father's side before placing them with the foster family, which would have resulted in finding two paternal uncles living close by.

Also there has been very little communication between the state where the children are living and the grandmother's home state which has only made matters more frustrating, and which led to the formal adoption by the foster parents.

The grandmother has appealed the adoption decision and continues to hope that she can be united with the children.

What do you think? Is the short-term difficulty worth it for these children to grow up in their own culture and with their own biological extended family? Or is it in their best interest to remain in the care of the only loving family they have known since birth?

Source: Star Tribune, "Rosenblum; Loving families pitted against each other in adoption case" Gail Rosenblum, June 23, 2012

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Urlacher says he'll be ready

"Schiaparelli And Prada: Impossible Conversations" Costume Institute GalaGetty Images

Patriots owner Robert Kraft may have no interest in owning an English soccer club, but he definitely wants to see someone own an English NFL franchise.

According to Neil Reynolds of Sky Sports, Kraft has said during a speaking engagement in England he believes the NFL should have a team in London.

?I personally think we should have a franchise in London and that is something I am going to push for,? Kraft said.? ?I think I said that the last time we were over here in 2009 and before this next decade is out, I hope we have a team here.? I think that would be right for the NFL and this fan base has proven they deserve it.?

And by rewarding the fan base in England, the NFL will be rewarding itself.

?I think we?re starting to tap out in the United States,? Kraft said.? ?If you look at the last Super Bowl we were in this past season, we had over 180 million people watching ? that?s almost two thirds of America.? So for us to grow the game, we have to expand globally.? Having seen the kind of support we have received here in London, it is the intention of the NFL owners to get two games here, starting next year.?

Of course, when it comes to moving an existing team, Kraft isn?t willing to put his money machine where his mouth is.

?The only bad part of putting a franchise in London is that I can assure you it won?t be the Patriots who are moving here,? Kraft said.

So who will it be?? At a time when many believe the Rams are destined to finagle their way out of a lease in St. Louis, it?s presumed they?ll return to Los Angeles.? But with the Rams throwing their hands in the air with Horshackian zeal to play three homes games in London over the next three years, they?re at the top of the short list of potential candidates to make the move.

The possibility of sending the Rams or any other team to London comes with plenty of question marks.? But there?s an exclamation point to be realized if/when more of the people who don?t live in the United States develop a true passion for the NFL.? What is a billion-dollar business could become, sooner rather than later, a trillion-dollar endeavor.

No successful enterprise is content to tread water.? For the NFL, the possibility exists for exponential growth, once the sport officially begins crossing the various bodies of water that surround our borders via the permanent placement of teams on the other side.

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Top 10 Tips For Raising Green Cats and Dogs ? Pet News and Views

By Michele C. Hollow of Pet News and Views

Thinking of going green? Maybe you already live a green lifestyle. How about your pets? You can raise eco-friendly pets by following these 10 simple steps.

1.?Do you have a recycled dog or cat??The first step to going green is adopting a cat, kitten, dog, or puppy from your local animal shelter or rescue group. You can even find purebreds at your local shelter. Between four and five million dogs and cats are put down each year at animal shelters across the country. Imagine the good you will do for the dog or cat you adopt from a shelter.

2.?Spay or neuter your pets.?It?s a good way to reduce the pet overpopulation problem.?

3.?Buy a good quality natural pet food.

4.?Cook for your pets.?If you eat meat and vegetables, share with your pets. Cats are carnivores and need to eat meat. Dogs are omnivores, but do better with a meat based diet. You can supplement their diet with raw carrots, and avoid snacks. For more on?dog diets, click here.

5.?Purchase toys, food bowls, pet beds, and other pet products that are made with natural, organic, or recycled materials.?With pet toys, give your pets one at a time. Your dog or cat may have a ?special? toy. Too many toys around the house often wind up ignored. So, take out that special toy and play with your pet.

6.?Buy biodegradable poop bags, and always clean up after your dogs.

7.?For cats, use a biodegradable litter?made out of corn kernels, pine, or recycled newspaper.

8.?Use eco-friendly cleaning products?that don?t have chemicals.

9.?Recycle cardboard boxes. Cats love to hide and play inside of them.

10.?Buy close to home, and purchase products that don?t have to be replaced often.

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Europe's leaders at odds before summit

MADRID/BERLIN (Reuters) - European leaders sound unusually divided before a high-stakes summit, with Germany's Angela Merkel saying total debt liability would not be shared in her lifetime and giving little support to Italian and Spanish pleas for immediate crisis action.

Rome and Madrid have seen their borrowing costs spiral to a level which for Spain at least would not be sustainable as it battles to recapitalize banks ravaged by a burst property bubble and cut a towering government deficit.

Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy said on Wednesday he would ask other European Union leaders to allow the bloc's bailout funds or the European Central Bank to stabilize financial markets.

Speaking in parliament before a meeting of European heads in Brussels on Thursday and Friday, Rajoy warned that Spain would not be able to finance itself indefinitely with 10-year bond yields near seven percent.

"The most urgent issue is the one of financing. We can't keep funding ourselves for a long time at the prices we're currently funding ourselves," he told parliament.

Even when there are profound disagreements, EU leaders have been burned by the markets enough times to generally make sure they sound united before major gatherings.

But divisions have been exposed by the ousting of Nicolas Sarkozy by socialist Francois Hollande as French president and the fact that Rome and Madrid have muscled into the traditional Franco-German axis.

The leaders held an unusually discordant news conference in Rome on Friday. Hollande said there must be more solidarity in Europe before countries hand over more sovereignty over their national budgets, while Merkel said she would not accept extra liabilities without overarching budget control.

The pair will have a working dinner in Paris on Thursday evening, an opportunity to repair the damage. An initial attempt to smooth over differences came at a meeting of the four countries' finance ministers late on Tuesday after which nothing was said.

In Rome, Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti said he would not simply rubber stamp conclusions at the EU summit and said he was ready to go on negotiating into Sunday evening if necessary to agree on measures to calm markets.

With Hollande's support, Monti is pushing for the euro zone's rescue funds to be used to help limit the spreads over German Bunds on bonds issued by countries that respect EU budget rules. Rajoy would settle for that or the European Central Bank doing the same job by reviving its bond-buying program.

The proposal has run into stiff opposition from Germany, the largest economy in the European Union and the bloc's effective paymaster, and has been rejected by Jens Weidmann, the powerful head of the German central bank, the Bundesbank.

Stock markets perked up last week on the hope that the 20th EU summit since the bloc's debt crisis exploded into the open in Greece would come up with dramatic measures. Investors have since thought better of that view.

European shares edged up on Wednesday and the euro was flat, with many investors out of the markets before the Brussels meeting.

"People are waiting for the inevitable - which is that policymakers will probably fail to do what is necessary," said Neil Mellor, currency analyst at Bank of New York Mellon.

BORROWING COSTS

Merkel stomped on the idea of mutualising debt - favored by France, Italy and Spain - at a meeting of lawmakers from her Free Democratic coalition partners in Berlin on Tuesday, according to people who attended the closed-door session.

"I don't see total debt liability as long as I live," she was quoted as saying, a day after branding the idea of euro bonds "economically wrong and counterproductive".

The words may have been carefully chosen and do not at face value rule out mutualising some portion of euro zone members' debts as the end point of a drive towards fiscal union.

Merkel find herself in a dwindling minority but holds the euro zone's purse strings and therefore nearly all the cards.

German opposition SPD leader Sigmar Gabriel told the Financial Times that urgent measures were needed to lower euro zone sovereign borrowing costs otherwise the currency bloc could "simply explode".

Italy and Spain argue that they are stretching every sinew to cut their debt mountains and need some support from their currency area peers to keep the markets at bay.

Monti won the first two of four confidence votes on Tuesday called to accelerate the passage of his labor reform that has been criticized by both by labor unions and the business establishment. The final two votes, and definitive approval, are due on Wednesday.

Spain, which has been offered loans of up to 100 billion euros to recapitalize its banks but which is determined not to ask for a sovereign bailout, is considering raising consumer, energy and property taxes.

Spanish Economy Minister Luis de Guindos said he had talked with the finance ministers of Germany, France and Italy already on Wednesday with further discussions planned.

Euro zone finance ministers will also hold a conference call on the bailout of Spanish banks and this week's request for aid from Cyprus, EU officials said. The request made Cyprus the fifth of the euro zone's 17 states to seek aid from EU rescue funds, after Greece, Ireland, Portugal and Spain.

Underlining the parlous state of Spanish finances, figures showed the central government's deficit had already reached 3.41 percent of annual gross domestic product through just the first five months of the year, close to its target for the whole year of 3.5 percent.

Spain's central bank said on Wednesday it expected recession to deepen in the second quarter of the year.

The Brussels summit is expected to agree on a growth package pushed by France worth around 130 billion euros ($162 billion) in infrastructure project bonds, reallocated regional aid funds and European Investment Bank loans.

Leaders will also discuss proposals for a banking union, but while they are likely to agree to give the ECB power to supervise big cross-border banks, Merkel is resisting any joint deposit guarantee or common bank resolution fund.

(Writing by Mike Peacock; Editing by Peter Graff)

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Obama urges Greece to work closely with EU, IMF, ECB

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Building A Direct Sales Business In Your Local Market | Flourish Blog

By?Kim Thompson-Pinder

I would love to be able to share with you today that you could promote your
business once and you will have customers and recruits flooding in for the rest of your
life. Unfortunately, it doesn?t work that way. It is going to require time and consistent
effort to be able to get your name out there, but once you do the results will be worth it.

After several years of promoting myself and my business, people will come up to
me and say, ?Are you the Avon Lady?? and I always respond with pride and offer them
something, either the earning opportunity or a brochure of my products. It is not unusual
for me to receive phone calls from new people because they got my name from one of
my good customers. At least ? of my customers have come from referrals. That is a
wonderful place to be, potential customers and recruits coming to you instead of you
trying to find them.

I have been asked many times how did I do it, so today I am going to share with
you some of the ways and places that I go to prospect for customers and recruits.

1) I booked myself into every local event that would allow me in.
2) I rented space in the local mall.
3) I put recruiting ballot boxes in any business that would let me. I always thanked
them with some free product.
4) I took out the occasional newspaper ads.
5) Wore my company?s products everywhere.
6) I talked to new people anywhere and everywhere I went. On the street, in parks,
cashiers and other business people. I would offer them a chance to learn more
about earning money with my company or a brochure.

It may seem like a lot, but it takes a lot to build momentum. I was very intentional
about promoting my business. I had activities planed every week so that my funnel
was always filled with leads that I could work on. Consistency is the key. One
thing I need to warn you about. In the beginning you might go through a period of
time where you don?t get a lot of results. That is normal. It takes time to perfect
your prospecting skills and for people to get to know who you are. Don?t just do a
couple of events and quit. Practice, practice, practice until you become so good, that
everyone is amazed.

I want you to know that I believe in you and your ability to succeed. For some of you,
this will be the hardest thing you have ever done and I applaud you for continuing on
even though it is difficult.

To your success,
Kim Thompson-Pinder

?Kim Thompson-Pinder has been in MLM/Network Marketing and
Direct Sales for over 15 years and enjoys helping others to succeed. If
you would like practical, easy to use, free ways to build your business
online and locally then check out www.kimthompsonpinder.com

Read the rest of this post »

See How Local Business Marketing Can Help You | 1-2-3's of ...

These days people turn to the Internet for everything. If they are interested in finding a product locally, they are going to turn to their favorite search engine to find it. Where people would have turned to their phone books even five years ago so that they could find a store selling what they want, they are going to open up their laptops or check their smartphone or idevice to get what they want to have. The fact is that they are going to look online for their information, and you need to do some local business marketing to make sure that they are coming to your site.

There are a lot of very good reasons why you should make sure to do your local marketing. One is that the majority of people who are looking for a local product or service is going to find it online. Most of the searches made looking for something local turn into purchases in a brick and mortar store. If you aren?t taking advantage of that, then you are losing out.

You have many options in front of you when you choose to use local business marketing. One is that you can use social networking. Google also has a section that lets people pinpoint companies that are in their area. Those results are usually high in the results page. If you aren?t sure how to use that kind of local marketing, then you can find websites and programs that will help you with that. It will give you the instructions and the tips that you need in order to make sure that you are marketing your business in your area the right way. A program like this will also help you figure out what may or may not be working in your current marketing plan, and how to fix it.

If you have a Palm Beach County business, you want to make sure that the people in Palm Beach County can see it. There is no point in spending the time and money in only making a beautiful website and then forgetting to do the local marketing, especially since not everyone is going to see that site.

Incoming search terms:

Incoming search terms:

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